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熟词僻义 | spell 是一种怎样的时间和意味?
今天小站来和各位聊聊 spell 这个熟词。
说起 spell ,往往头脑里对应的就是“拼写”这个概念,既可以用来表示“用字母拼”,也可以指构成单词的字母“拼成、拼作”,比如:
小站曾在 好书推荐 | 英语拼写的故事 一文中简单讲过该书书名上一语双关的短语动词 spell sth↔out ,该表达本义是指“用字母拼”,但更多的是用来引申表示“详细地解释清楚”,强调像拼单词那样将事情以一种简单明了的方式讲明白,比如:
我来说说清楚,我们为什么需要尽快补充食物和水。
Let me spell out why we need to replenish food and water supplies as soon as possible.
而对于魔幻系列小说《哈利·波特》的粉丝们来说,可能更容易联想起 spell 的名词含义“咒语、符咒、魔法”,比如《哈利·波特与密室》(Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets)中就有:
On the count of three, we will cast our first spells.
数到三,我们就施第一道魔法。
魔法不仅限于魔幻小说之中,比如深爱上一个人就好似中了他或者她施下的魔法,不能自拔。而这既可以用习语 cast a spell on/over 表示“迷住”,也可以用习语 under someone's spell 来表示“被某人迷住、为某人着迷”,比如:
也许他对我下了咒,我完全给他迷住了。
Perhaps he cast a spell on me. I completely fell under his spell.
Comorbidities can lead to a spell in hospital even for the young, so don’t imagine you are safe just because you’re under 35.
斯塔克先生半小时后过来替换你。
Mr. Stark will be here in half an hour to spell you.
在做迎宾员以前她当过一阵子歌手。
She had a spell as a singer before becoming an usher.这位情绪无常的女演员去找医生看病,说自己一阵一阵地头昏。
The volatile actress went to the doctor complaining of dizzy spells.
This north-south divergence would once have spelt disaffection with the European Union ...
这项由议会通过的新法规对小企业来说可能意味着灾难。
The new legislation enacted by parliament could spell disaster for small businesses.这种偷偷摸摸的行为会给我们的事业带来灾难。
Such furtive actions spell disaster for our cause.